Depremin bebek ve çocuklar üzerine biyopsikososyal ve davranışsal etkileri ile müdahale yöntemleri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13381326Keywords:
Çocuk, afet, deprem, bebekAbstract
Deprem bebek ve çocuk sağlığını biyo-psikososyal yönden olumsuz etkileyen önemli doğal afetlerden biridir. Çocukların gelişimsel süreçleri göz önüne alındığında yetişkinlere göre travma sonrası psikolojik problemler yaşama ihtimali daha yüksektir. Bu derlemenin amacı depremin bebek ve çocuklar üzerindeki psikososyal ve davranışsal etkileri ile bunlara yönelik literatürde yer alan müdahale yöntemlerini incelemektir. Deprem süreci ve sonrasında çocuklarda korku, anksiyete, depresyon, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu, bağımlılık, panik atak, yeme ve uyku problemleri, dikkat eksikliği gibi psikososyal ve davranışsal problemler sıklıkla görülmektedir. Bu problemleri azaltmaya yönelik psikososyal müdahale yöntemleri incelendiğinde adaptasyon sürecinin hızlandırılması, psikososyal desteğin sağlanması, tedavi ve rehabilitasyon hizmetlerinin sağlanması, ihtiyaç analizi ve ihtiyaçların hızlı ve düzenli şekilde sağlanması, oyun terapisi, resim terapisi, bilinçli farkındalık temelli çocuk ve aile eğitimi, yoga ve bilişsel davranışçı terapi gibi müdahale yöntemlerinin literatürde etkili olduğu bildirilmektedir.
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