Pediatrik COVID-19 hastalarına bakım veren hemşirelerin deneyimleri ve algıları: Nitel bir çalışma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8300723Keywords:
COVID-19, hospitalized child, life change event, pediatric nursingAbstract
Amaç: Bu çalışma, pediatrik COVID-19 hastalarına bakım veren hemşirelerin deneyimlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu nitel çalışma, pediatrik COVID-19 hastalarına bakım veren 15 hemşireden oluşan bir örneklemle görüşülerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, önce görüşmelerin yazıya dökülmesi ve gözden geçirilmesi, ardından kodlanması, kategorize edilmesi ve temaların belirlenmesi yoluyla tematik analiz kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışma verilerinin tematik analizi sonucunda; hemşirelerin zihinsel sağlığı, işle ilgili şiddetli stres, çocukların ve ebeveynlerin tepkileri, önlemler ve pandemi yönetimi olmak üzere dört tema ortaya çıkmıştır. Bulgularımıza göre, pediatrik COVID-19 hastalarına bakım veren hemşireler, zor koşullar altında çalışmakta ve ruh sağlığı sorunları açısından risk altındadır. COVID-19 pozitif çocuklar ve ebeveynleri, diğer hasta gruplarına göre daha yoğun korku yaşamaktadır. Bu nedenle pediatri hemşireleri, COVID-19'lu çocukların ebeveynlerinin öfke ve saldırgan tepkileriyle daha sık karşılaşmaktadırlar.
Sonuçlar: Çocuklarda COVID-19, çocukların yanı sıra ailelerini ve onlara bakan hemşireleri psikososyal olarak etkilemektedir. Bu sorunları azaltmak için destekleyici müdahaleler uygulanmalıdır. Pediatrik COVID-19 hastalarıyla çalışan hemşirelerin alana özgü sorunların yanı sıra genel sorunlarla da karşılaştıklarını ve bu sorunlara yönelik müdahalelere ihtiyaç duyulduğunu belirledik. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına dayanarak, hemşirelerin çalışma koşullarının iyileştirilmesini ve COVID-19 tedavisi gören çocuklar, ebeveynleri ve hemşireler için destek programları geliştirilmesini öneriyoruz.
References
Akkuş, Y., Karacan, Y., Güney, R., & Kurt, B. (2021). Experiences of nurses working with COVID‐19 patients: A qualitative study. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 31(9-10), 1243-1257. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15979
Atay, S., & Cura, Ş. Ü. (2020). Problems encountered by nurses due to the use of personal protective equipment during the coronavirus pandemic: Results of a survey. Wound Management & Prevention, 66(10), 12–16. https://doi.org/10.25270/wmp.2020.10.1216
Baykal, U., Turkmen, E., Alan, H., Basulas, C. Y., Goktepe, N., Gumus, E. … Tekin, D. E. (2020). The COVID-19 outbreak in Turkey: Experiences of nurse managers and activities of the nurse managers association in crisis management. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 17(3), 290-295.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589-597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 13(2), 201-216. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1704846
Carter, L. (2020). 48 Children’s experiences of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 105(Suppl 2), A16-A17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-gosh.48
Chen, Y., Zhou, H., Zhou, Y., & Zhou, F. (2020). Prevalence of self-reported depression and anxiety among pediatric medical staff members during the COVID-19 outbreak in Guiyang, China. Psychiatry Research, 288, 113005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113005
Di Filippo, P., Attanasi, M., Dodi, G., Porreca, A., Raso, M., Di Pillo, S., & Chiarelli, F. (2020). A survey on mental health impact caused by COVID-19 pandemic in Italian pediatric healthcare workers. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-34827/v1
Eghbali, M., Negarandeh, R., & Froutan, R. (2020). COVID-19 epidemic: Hospital-level response. Nursing Practice Today, 7(2), 81-83. https://doi.org/10.18502/npt.v7i2.2728
El-Monshed, A. H., Amr, M., Ali, A. S., Elmasry, Y. M., & Zoromba, M. (2021). Nurses’ knowledge, concerns, perceived impact and preparedness toward COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 27(6), e13017. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.13017
Esen, H., & Uysal, Ş. A. (2020). Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde sağlık kurumlarında beyaz kod uygulamasının incelenmesi: Antalya eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi örneği. Göbeklitepe Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 7–22.
Faris, M., & Arifianto, M. R. (2020). Social stigma toward health workers associated with coronavirus disease 2019. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 8(T1), 112–114. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4917
Fernandez, R., Lord, H., Halcomb, E., Moxham, L., Middleton, R., Alananzeh, I., & Ellwood, L. (2020). Implications for COVID-19: a systematic review of nurses’ experiences of working in acute care hospital settings during a respiratory pandemic. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 111, 103637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103637
Góes, F., Silva, A., Santos, A., Pereira-Ávila, F., Silva, L., Silva, L., & Goulart, M. (2020). Challenges faced by pediatric nursing workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 28, e3367. https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.4550.3367
Hoedl, M., Eglseer, D., & Bauer, S. (2021). Associations between personal protective equipment andnursing staff stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(8), 2374–2382. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13400
Hu, D., Kong, Y., Li, W., Han, Q., Zhang, X., Zhu, L. X. … Zhu, J. (2020). Frontline nurses’ burnout, anxiety, depression, and fear statuses and their associated factors during the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China: A large-scale cross-sectional study. EClinicalMedicine, 24, 100424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100424
Kalateh Sadati, A., Zarei, L., Shahabi, S., Heydari, S. T., Taheri, V., Jiriaei, R. … Lankarani, K. B. (2020). Nursing experiences of COVID-19 outbreak in Iran: A qualitative study. Nursing Open, 8(1), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.604
Kang, L., Ma, S., Chen, M., Yang, J., Wang, Y., Li, R. … Liu, Z. (2020). Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 87, 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.028
Karaoğlan, N., Çatıkoğlu, A., & Devrim, İ. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic management experiences in a pediatric ınfectious diseases unit/Bir cocuk enfeksiyon hastaliklari kliniginin COVID-19 pandemi yonetimi deneyimleri. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 17(4), 359-365. doi:10.5222/KUHEAD.2020.94914
Karasu, F., & Öztürk Çopur, E. (2020). Koronavirus (COVID-19) Vakaları artarken salgının ön safındaki bir yoğun bakım hemşiresi: “Cephede Duran Kahramanlar”. Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği Dergisi, 24(1), 11-14.
Kiraner, E., Terzi, B., Turkmen, E., Kebapci, A., & Bozkurt, G. (2020). Experiences of Turkish intensive care nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 17(3), 284-287. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A639265806/HRCA?u=anon~32e8e9ca&sid=googleScholar&xid=f6b87e04
Kim, Y. (2018). Nurses' experiences of care for patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus in South Korea. American Journal of Infection Control, 46(7), 781-787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.01.012
Lam, S. K. K., Kwong, E. W. Y., Hung, M. S. Y., & Chien, W. T. (2020). Emergency nurses’ perceptions regarding the risks appraisal of the threat of the emerging infectious disease situation in emergency departments. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 15(1), 1718468. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2020.1718468
Liang, W. H., Guan, W. J., Li, C. C., Li, Y. M., Liang, H. R., Zhao, Y. … He, J. X. (2020). Clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 treated in Hubei (epicentre) and outside Hubei (non-epicentre): A nationwide analysis of China. The European Respiratory Journal, 55(6), 2000562. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00562-2020
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE.
Liu, Q., Luo, D., Haase, J. E., Guo, Q., Wang, X. Q., Liu, S. … Yang, B. X. (2020). The experiences of health-care providers during the COVID-19 crisis in China: a qualitative study. The Lancet Global Health, 8(6), e790-e798. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30204-7
Lulgjuraj, D., Hubner, T., Radzinski, N., & Hopkins, U. (2021). Everyone is someone’s child: The experiences of pediatric nurses caring for adult COVID-19 patients. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 60, 198–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2021.06.015
Manik, M. J., Natalia, S., & Theresia. (2021). Social stigma towards nurses taking care of patients with COVID-19 in Indonesia: A mixed-methods study. Belitung Nursing Journal, 7(2), 98–106. https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.1322
OECD. (2020). Combatting COVID- 19 ’ s effect on children. Tackling Coronavirus (COVID-19): Contributing to a global effort (Issue May). https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/combatting-covid-19-s-effect-on-children-2e1f3b2f/
Peck, J. L., & Sonney, J. (2021). Exhausted and burned out: COVID-19 emerging impacts threaten the health of the pediatric advanced practice registered nursing workforce. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 35(4), 414–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2021.04.012
Penwill, N. Y., De Angulo, N. R., Pathak, P. R., Ja, C., Elster, M. J., Hochreiter, D. … Kaiser, S. V. (2021). Changes in pediatric hospital care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06947-7
Quispe-Sancho, A., Chambi-Macedo, K. L., Laurel-Vargas, V., Huamani-Merma, E., Cuzcano-Gonzales, K. V., Huaita-Rocha, M. A. … Mejia, C. R. (2021). Depression, anxiety, and stress in health professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru: An analytical cross-sectional study. Electronic Journal of General Medicine, 18(6), em319. https://doi.org/10.29333/EJGM/11210
Renke, C., Callow, L., Egnor, T., Honstain, C., Kellogg, K., Pollack, B. … Sinicropi, N. (2020). Utilization of pediatric nurse practitioners as adult critical care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A novel approach. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 34(5), 490–494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2020.06.005
Saldaña, J. (2013). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (Second Edi; J. Seaman, Ed.). SAGE.
Sandelowski, M. (2000). Whatever happened to qualitative description? Research in Nursing & Health, 23(4), 334-340. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-240X(200008)23:4%3C334::AID-NUR9%3E3.0.CO;2-G
Sandelowski, M. (2010). What's in a name? Qualitative description revisited. Research in Nursing & Health, 33(1), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.20362
Schwartz, J., King, C. C., & Yen, M. Y. (2020). Protecting healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak: Lessons from Taiwan’s severe acute respiratory syndrome response. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 71(15), 858-860. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa255
Şenol Çelik, S., Atlı Özbaş, A., Çelik, B., Karahan, A., Bulut, H., Koç, G. … Özdemir Özleyen, Ç. (2020). COVID-19 pandemi süreci: Türk Hemşireler Derneği. Koç Üniversitesi Hemşirelikte Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 17(3), 279-283. doi:10.5222/KUHEAD.2020.34603
Shteinbuk, M., Moskovich, A., Shemesh-Mileguir, V., Gleizer, C., & Itzhaki, M. (2022). When a child is hospitalized in a COVID-19 ward: An emotional roller coaster for parents. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 63, 102-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2021.11.025
Su, T. P., Lien, T. C., Yang, C. Y., Su, Y. L., Wang, J. H., Tsai, S. L., & Yin, J. C. (2007). Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and psychological adaptation of the nurses in a structured SARS caring unit during outbreak: A prospective and periodic assessment study in Taiwan. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 41(1-2), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.12.006
Sun, N., Wei, L., Shi, S., Jiao, D., Song, R., Ma, L. … Wang, H. (2020). A qualitative study on the psychological experience of caregivers of COVID-19 patients. American Journal of Infection Control, 48(6), 592–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.03.018
Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042
Vanderhout, S. M., Birken, C. S., Wong, P., Kelleher, S., Weir, S., & Maguire, J. L. (2020). Family perspectives of COVID-19 research. Research Involvement and Engagement, 6(1), 4–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40900-020-00242-1
World Health Organization. (2005). WHO global influenza preparedness plan: The role of WHO and recommendations for national measures before and during pandemics. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/68998
World Health Organization. (2020). Timeline: WHO's COVID-19 response. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/interactive-timeline#!
Wu, Z., & McGoogan, J. M. (2020). Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA, 323(13), 1239-1242. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2648
Yigit, D., & Acikgoz, A. (2021). Anxiety and death anxiety levels of nurses in the COVID-19 pandemic and affecting factors. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 18(Supp1), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.5152/jern.2021.35683
Zheng, R., Zhou, Y., Qiu, M., Yan, Y., Yue, J., Yu, L. … Hu, Y. (2021). Prevalence and associated factors of depression, anxiety, and stress among Hubei pediatric nurses during COVID-19 pandemic. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 104, 152217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152217
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Infant, Child and Adolescent Health
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
