Araştırma Makalesi

Preterm birth risk factors and their impact on sensory and motor development in preschoolers

Rabia Zorlular1, Pelin Atalan Efkereb2, Kıvılcım Gücüyener3, Bülent Elbasan2
  1. 1 Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi, Bor Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü, Niğde, Türkiye ROR
  2. 2 Gazi Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye ROR
  3. 3 Gazi Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Çocuk Nörolojisi Bilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye ROR

Öz

Introduction: This study examines how risk factors linked to preterm birth affect sensory and motor development in preschool children.

Method: The study included 48 preterm children: 24 with a history of only preterm birth (PB) and 24 with additional risk factors (RPB).  (intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, premature retinopathy, and necrotizing enterocolitis). Additional risk factors included respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, which are common in preterm infants. The Peabody Motor Development Scale-2 was used to assess motor development, and the Sensory Profile Questionnaire was used to assess sensory processing and development.

Results: There was a significant difference between the Peabody Motor Development Scale-2 gross motor, fine motor, and total motor development scores in favor of the PB group (p<0.05). According to the Sensory Profile results, it was observed that the RPB group had lower sensory processing scores than that of the PB group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: It was concluded that risk factors, as well as preterm birth, may have a negative impact on motor development and sensory processing skills. Considering that development in the preschool period can affect physical, social and academic achievements at school age, it may be useful to evaluate children with risk factors in addition to a history of preterm birth in terms of sensory processing skills and motor development. 

 

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