The importance of first aid training for mothers with children aged 0-6 years: Literature review
0-6 yaş çocuğu olan ebeveynlere ilk yardım eğitimi verilmesinin önemi: Literatür taraması
Objective: This study aims to determine the level of first aid knowledge and practice among parents of children aged 0-6 and to review studies covering first aid training for parents.
Method: A literature review was conducted using the keywords “child injuries,” “first aid,” “children aged 0-6,” and “parent education.” The Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, and Science Direct databases were searched. The inclusion criteria for the study were: 1) It must have been published between 2013 and 2023; 2) It must have an observational (descriptive, cross-sectional, etc.) or experimental (quasi-experimental, randomized controlled, etc.) research design; 3) The participant group must include parents or caregivers of children aged 0-6 years; 4) It must assess the parents' level of first aid knowledge, attitudes, and/or practice as an outcome variable; and 5) A full English text must be available to ensure standardization in the international literature and to synthesize data from different populations using a common terminology.
Findigns: A total of 37 studies were accessed as a result of the search, of which 12 met the research criteria and were reviewed. Of these, nine assessed parents' first aid knowledge levels, four assessed first aid practices, three assessed attitudes towards first aid and one assessed first aid self-efficacy. Only two studies assessed parents' knowledge, practices and attitudes before and after the intervention. One of these studies examined the effect of a WeChat programme, while the other evaluated the effect of poster-based education on first aid knowledge levels in relation to paediatric burns..
Conclusion: The majority of the studies reviewed in this research concluded that parents' knowledge and practice levels regarding first aid were insufficient. Furthermore, it was observed that intervention studies designed to provide parents with first aid training were quite limited. Using different teaching methods and techniques to provide first aid training to parents could increase their knowledge and practice levels, and make an important contribution to the literature.
Amaç: Bu çalışma ile 0-6 yaş çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin ilk yardım bilgi ve uygulama düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve ebeveynlere ilk yardım eğitimi verilmesini kapsayan araştırmaların incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Yöntem: Literatür taraması “Çocuk yaralanmaları”, “İlk yardım”, “0-6 yaş çocuk” ve “Ebeveyn eğitimi” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak; Google Akademik, Medline, Pubmed ve Science Direct veri tabanları taranmıştır. Araştırmaya dahil edilme kriterleri; 1) 2013–2023 yılları arasında yayımlanmış olması, 2) Gözlemsel (tanımlayıcı, kesitsel vb.) veya deneysel (yarı deneysel, randomize kontrollü vb.) araştırma tasarımına sahip olması, 3) Katılımcı grubunun 0–6 yaş çocuğu olan ebeveynler veya bakım vericileri kapsaması, 4) Sonuç değişkeni olarak ebeveynlerin ilk yardım bilgi, tutum ve/veya uygulama düzeylerini değerlendirmesi ve 5) Uluslararası literatürde standardizasyonun sağlanması ve farklı toplumların verilerinin ortak bir terminoloji ile sentezlenebilmesi amacıyla İngilizce tam metne ulaşılmasıdır.
Bulgular: Tarama sonucunda toplam 37 çalışmaya erişim sağlanmış ve araştırma kriterlerine uyan 12 çalışma incelenmiştir. Çalışmaların dokuzunda ebeveynlerin ilk yardım bilgi düzeyleri, dördünde ilk yardım uygulamaları, üçünde ilk yardıma yönelik tutumları ve birinde ilk yardım özyeterliliği değerlendirilmiştir. Yalnızca iki araştırmanın müdahale öncesi ve sonrası ebeveynlerin bilgi, uygulama ve tutumlarını değerlendirdiği görülmüştür. Bu araştırmaların birinde WeChat programının etkisi incelenmiş, bir çalışmada ise pediatrik yanıklara yönelik poster ile verilen eğitimin ilk yardım bilgi düzeyine etkisi değerlendirilmiştir.
Sonuç: Bu araştırmada incelenen çalışmaların çoğunluğunda ebeveynlerin ilk yardım konusunda bilgi ve uygulama düzeylerinin yeterli olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, ebeveynlere ilk yardım eğitimi verilmesine yönelik tasarlanan müdahale çalışmalarının oldukça sınırlı olduğu görülmüştür. Ebeveynlere farklı öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri kullanılarak ilk yardım eğitimleri verilmesi, ebeveynlerin bilgi ve uygulama düzeylerinin artmasına ve literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlayabilir.
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