Araştırma Makalesi

Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu olan çocuklarda nörolojik durum, motor performans ve duyusal işlemenin incelenmesi

Çimen Ölçay Demir1, Deran Oskay2, Bülent Elbasan2, Elvan İşeri2
  1. 1 Kutahya Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi ROR
  2. 2 Gazi Üniversitesi ROR

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) tanılı çocuklarda nörolojik durum, motor gelişim ve duyusal işlemleme becerilerini incelemektir.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 50 çocuk dahil edilmiştir; bunların 25’i DEHB tanılı, 25’i ise tipik gelişim gösteren çocuklardan oluşmaktadır. Minör Nörolojik Disfonksiyon (MND) durumu Touwen Muayenesi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Motor gelişim, Peabody Motor Gelişim Ölçeği-2 kullanılarak; duyusal işlemleme becerileri ise Dunn Duyusal Profil Ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: DEHB grubunda MND prevalansının, tipik gelişim gösteren gruba kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. DEHB’li çocukların %36.0’ında kompleks MND, %52.0’ında ise basit MND saptanmıştır. Kaba motor, ince motor ve toplam motor puanlarının DEHB grubunda daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, DEHB’li çocukların duyusal işlemleme puanlarının, tipik gelişim gösteren akranlarına göre anlamlı düzeyde düşük olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05). DEHB’li çocuklarda motor gelişim ile MND arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05).

Sonuç: DEHB tanılı çocukların, tipik gelişim gösteren akranlarına kıyasla motor gelişim ve duyusal işlemleme becerilerinde gecikme gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, bu çocukların MND açısından risk altında olduğu ve MND’nin motor gelişim ile ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır. DEHB’li çocukların MND açısından kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi önerilmektedir. Müdahale programlarının ise duyusal işlemleme, motor gelişim ve nörolojik durumu geliştirmeye yönelik olarak planlanması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

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